摘 要

尤金·A·奈达是美国著名语言学家、翻译家、翻译理论家，他一生主要学术活动都围绕《圣经》翻译展开。在《圣经》翻译过程中，奈达从自己的翻译经验以及实际出发，发展出了一套自己的翻译理论，其核心理论即是“功能对等”。本文从功能对等理论角度出发，对比分析《红楼梦》两个英译全译本中金陵判词的翻译。主要选取了具有代表性的薛宝钗和林黛玉、元春、迎春、王熙凤的判词为例。其中重点分析了一些如用典故、谐音、拆字、对比、对仗等极具中文特色的修辞手法的翻译。提出在翻译判词这类中国经典是应不要拘泥于文字表面上的死板对应，而是要在两种语言间达到功能上的对等,即相对灵活的动态对等，要做到“内容第一，形式第二”，并不是只顾内容不顾形式，在做到信息内容对等的同时，尽可能在形式上也要求对等，当形式不能对等时优先考虑内容对等。

关键词：红楼梦； 金陵判词； 翻译； 功能对等理论

Contents

1. Introduction -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1

2. Demonstration ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2

2.1. The Translation Studies and Version Introduction of HongLouMeng ----------- 2

2.1.1. Translation Studies of HongLouMeng --------------------------------------------- 2

2.1.2. Yang’s Version -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3

2.1.3. Hawkes’s Version ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 4

2.2. Eugene A. Nida and His Theory of Functional Equivalence ------------------------ 4

2.2.1. The Introduction of Eugene A. Nida ------------------------------------------------- 4

2.2.2. The Meaning and Principles of Functional Equivalence Theory -----------------5

2.3. The Translation of Jinling Panci ---------------------------------------------------------7

2.3.1. The Introduction and Significance of Jinling Panci --------------------------------7

2.3.2. The Process of the Translation of Jinling Panci ------------------------------------ 7

2.3.3. The Comparative Analysis of Panci of the Two Unabridged Versions ----------8

3. Conclusion ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14

3.1. Findings of the Research ---------------------------------------------------------------- 14

3.2. Limitations of the Research ------------------------------------------- 15

Works Cited ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16

Bibliography ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17

On Translation of Jinling Panci from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence Theory

1. Introduction

As the most well-known masterpiece of realism in the world, Hongloumeng attracts all the attention and praises by its vivid but complex plot, its superb writing techniques and its unique theme. The whole novel is abundant in peculiar ideas and rich in many cultural, historical and linguistic specific expressions with strong Chinese characters. Jinlng Panci appears in the fifth chapter and Jia Baoyu finds it in the book when he wandering in the “Dreamland”. It tells the readers the fates of the main characters in the beginning of the book with the language of poetry and in the form of dream. However, the readers are still very interested in how things are going on. Jinling Panci is the key point of the whole novel, so it is absolutely necessary for us to have a deep study on it to have a more profound comprehension of the characters and the story. This thesis mainly studies the two unabridged versions of Jinling Panci from the angle of the functional equivalence theory of Nida. For all the time that the translation of poems with strong Chinese characteristics has been a tough topic in the history of translation, because it contains so many things, such as culture, ethics, history, and so on. Also the different people from different countries or environment of language can have different understanding of these poems. So this thesis is going to talk about which kind of translation will be better from the aspect of functional equivalence.

This thesis applies the Functional Equivalence Theory as the theoretic framework. It picks up the original text and the translation versions of the representative five Panci from principal books in the Twelve Beauties of Jinling Panci as the research object. The translation versions mainly includes the version of Hawkes, the version of Yang Xianyi.