摘 要

隐喻，作为一种常见的修辞手法，实质上是使用一种事物理解和体验另一种事物。而概念隐喻不仅是修辞手法，更是一种认知现象。情感作为最普遍的人生体验，是人对客观事物是否满足自己的需要而产生的态度体验，涉及感觉、生理、行为和概念化等方面。情感词汇包括喜悦、愤怒、悲伤、恐惧这些最基本的情感词汇，是人们对不同事物的反应。本文从概念隐喻角度出发，对情感词汇进行研究，探究它们在不同角度下的隐喻特点。

本文以喜怒哀乐这四类情感词为研究对象，从方向、天气、颜色、容器和行为这五个方面，讨论了各类情感词汇的隐喻共通之处和不同点。研究发现，对于喜怒哀惧这四种情感，方向隐喻可以用于表现喜悦和悲伤的情感——喜悦是上，悲伤是下。而天气、颜色、容器和行为隐喻则都可以表达喜怒哀惧这四种情感。快乐往往是好天气，而悲伤、愤怒和恐惧常常是坏天气。快乐和愤怒是暖色调，悲伤和恐惧则是冷色调。人作为情感的载体，是承载情感的容器，情感就是容器中的液体。积极的行为隐喻快乐，消极的行为往往隐喻其它三种情感。

关键词：概念隐喻；情感词汇；喜怒哀乐；共同点；不同点

Contents

1. Introduction.. 5

1.1 Background of the Study..........................................................................................5

1.2 Significant of the Study............................................................................................6

1.3 Organization of the Thesis........................................................................................6

2. Demonstration 6

2.1 Literature Review.....................................................................................................6

2.1.1 Studies on Metaphor......................................................................................6

2.1.2 Studies on Affective Vocabulary....................................................................8

2.1.3 Studies on Metaphor and Emotion................................................................9

2.2Metaphor in Affective Vocabulary......................................................................... ..10

2.2.1 Orientation 10

2.2.2 Weather 11

2.2.3 Color 12

2.2.4 Container 14

2.2.5 Behavior 15

3. Conclusion 16

3.1 Major Findings...............................................................................................16

3.2 Implications....................................................................................................16

3.3 Limitations and the Further Study..................................................................17

Works Cited 18

Bibliography 19

A Study on English Affective Vocabulary from the Perspective of Conceptual Metaphor

1. Introduction
   1. Background of the Study

Metaphor, as a common rhetorical device, essentially uses one thing to understand and experience another. People usually refer to understand an abstract and intangible thing by means of a concrete, tangible thing. In fact, metaphor is not only a rhetorical device, but also an important cognitive tool. By the end of the 20th century, the study of metaphor has entered a new stage. In "Metaphors We Live By", Lakoff amp; Johnson argues that metaphors exist not only in language, but also in the daily conceptual system on which we think and act, and these activities are basically metaphorical in nature. Therefore, they put forward the theory of "Conceptual Metaphor". Emotion, as the most common life experience, is the attitude experience of whether objective things meet their own needs, involving sensation, physiology, behavior and conceptualization. No matter what nation, what race, all have specific emotions. There are many kinds of emotions, including emotion, family, friendship and love. General psychology divides human emotional experience into four basic categories, namely, joy, anger, sadness and fear. (Ye, 1997)

Metaphor, as a bridge between concrete and abstract, plays a key role in how to express abstract emotion with concrete concepts, so we often associate emotion with rhetoric. According to the studies, most metaphors about happiness are related to direction, and that upright movements are generally used to indicate happiness. Sometime, emotions such as joy, sadness, anger, they can also be associated with orientation and containers. Colors can stimulate people's visual nerves, thus triggering different emotions. Therefore, color is often used as a metaphor for human emotions. (Liu, 2011). According to cognitive psychology, when people achieve the desired purpose because of the objective things or situations to meet the needs and aspirations of the subject, there will be psychological pleasure and comfort, and will be accompanied by a certain external performance. (Su, 2011)