摘 要

这篇论文主要对比了杰克·伦敦与欧内斯特·海明威的写作风格，以《野性的呼唤》和《老人与海》为例。本文分为五章对杰克·伦敦与海明威的写作风格进行对比，第一章为总的概括，介绍写作背景和写作布局；第二章介绍了前人对杰克·伦敦与欧内斯特·海明威的研究成果；第三章对比写作风格，写作风格对比主要是指写作技巧、象征主义和主题对比。在写作技巧的对比中，本文提到了词的选择和句子使用。除了写作技巧的对比外，本文还对比了两部小说中的象征主义以及小说的主题；第四章介绍杰克·伦敦与欧内斯特·海明威的写作风格所产生的影响。本文先是分别介绍了两位作家的写作风格，然后对他们进行对比。两位作家在写作风格上既有相同点，也有不同点，本文选取了合适的例子进行阐述说明。在写作风格上，欧内斯特·海明威一定程度上受到杰克·伦敦思想的影响，例如环境决定论，回归自然以及反叛精神等思想。欧内斯特·海明威在文学方面取得了较大的成就，同时对世界文学产生了一定的影响。与杰克·伦敦不同的是，欧内斯特·海明威偏向短句的使用，同时提出了“冰山理论”，对世界文学影响深远。

关键词：杰克·伦敦；欧内斯特·海明威；写作风格

Abstract

This paper mainly compares the writing styles of Jack London with that of Ernest Hemingway, taking The Call of the Wild and The Old Man and the Sea as An Example. This paper is divided into five parts to compare the writing styles of them. The first chapter is introduction, including the background and the layout. The second chapter is the literature review, including previous studies on Jack London and Ernest Hemingway. The third chapter is the comparative analyses of the two novels. Writing style includes the comparison of writing techniques, the comparison of symbolism and the comparison of themes. In the comparison of writing techniques, the choice of words and the use of short sentences are mentioned. Beyond the comparison of writing techniques, this paper also makes a comparison of symbolism and themes. The forth chapter introduces the effects of their writing styles. This paper introduces their writing styles respectively first, and then makes a comparison between them. Their writing styles are similar in some ways, while there are some differences between them, too. When introducing the writing styles, this paper chooses the proper examples to illustrate. In writing styles, Ernest Hemingway was influenced by some of Jack London’s ideas, such as the theme of environmental determinism, the theme of “back to nature” and the spirit of rebellion. Ernest Hemingway made great achievements in literature and had an great effect on world literature. Different from Jack London, Ernest Hemingway preferred the use of short sentences and he put forward the iceberg theory, which was influential to world literature.

Key Words: Jack London; Ernest Hemingway; writing styles

Contents

摘要 I

Abstract II

1 Introduction 1

2 Literature Review 3

2.1 Previous studies on Jack London 3

2.1.1 Jack London and his works 3

2.1.2 Previous Studies on The Call of the Wild 4

2.2 Previous studies on Ernest Hemingway 5

2.2.1 Ernest Hemingway and his works 5

2.2.2 Previous Studies on The Old Man and the Sea 6

3 Comparative Analyses of the Two Novels 8

3.1 Comparison of writing techniques 8

3.1.1 Comparison in lexical level 8

3.1.2 Comparison in syntactical level 9

3.2 Comparison of symbolism 10

3.3 Comparison of themes 11

3.3.1 Heroism 11

3.3.2 Environmental Determinism 12

4 Effects of the Writing Style 14

4.1 Jack London’s influence to Ernest Hemingway 14