摘 要

《玩偶之家》是十九世纪挪威著名戏剧家易卜生的代表作，《伤逝》是我国现代著名文学家鲁迅在“五四”时期的一篇颇具影响的爱情小说。两部产生于不同国度和历史背景下的小说，有着一脉相承的内容：女性主义。两者都为我们塑造了具有鲜明民主思想倾向，追求个性解放的妇女形象，都是借家庭夫妇之间的矛盾冲突来揭示社会矛盾，而前者反映了女性意识的初步觉醒，后者则表现了女性争得自由婚姻后，在经济上无自主权，仍然没有摆脱悲惨命运。本文将从对两位女主的对比，揭示出女性主义文学作品与社会文化等密不可分的联系。最后指出，女性只有获得经济独立，取得平等的社会地位才能真正掌握自己的命运，只有变革社会制度才能真正实现妇女解放。

关键词：女性主义；《玩偶之家》；《伤逝》；女性意识；经济独立

Contents

1 Introduction.................................................................................................................1

• 1. Henrik Ibsen and A Doll’s House.........................................................................1
  2. Lu Xun and The Regret of the Past......................................................................2

2 Demonstration.............................................................................................................2

2.1 The similarities between Zijun and Nara.............................................................2

2.2 The differences between Nora and Zijun.............................................................3

2.2.1 The degree of personality independence....................................................3

2.2.2 The fate.......................................................................................................4

2.3 The causes of the differences..............................................................................5

2.3.1 The society.................................................................................................5

2.3.1.1 The feminist criticism in western countries...................................5

2.3.1.2 The feminist criticism in China......................................................6

2.3.2 The cultural tradition...................................................................................6

2.3.3 The writers’ attitudes to women..................................................................7

3 Conclusion...................................................................................................................7

Bibliography...................................................................................................................9

A Comparative Study of A Doll’s House and The Regret of the Past from the Feminist Perspective

1.Introduction

1.1 Henrik Ibsen and A Doll’s House

Henrik Ibsen (1828–1906) is a Norwegian dramatist and he is often referred to as "the father of prose drama" . Ibsen is considered as one of the most distinguished playwrights in the European tradition. He influenced other playwrights and novelists such as George Bernard Shaw, Oscar Wilde, James Joyce and so on. His representative works include Brand, Peer Gynt, An Enemy of the People, Emperor and Galilean, A Doll's House, Hedda Gabler, Ghosts, The Wild Duck, When We Dead Awaken, Pillars of Society, The Lady from the Sea, Rosmersholm, The Master Builder, and John Gabriel Borkman. Ibsen's works examined the realities that lay behind many facades and have strong surreal elements.

A Doll’s House was written by Ibsen in 1879 according to his personal experience. The story mainly tells about the process of Nora from loving her husband, trusting her husband to breaking with her husband and finally running away from home, getting rid of the doll status. Torvald Helmer has just got a job as a bank manager. His wife, Nora, asks him to help his old classmate, Mrs. Linde, find a job. And at that time, he has just fired Nils Krogstad. So he promises Mrs. Linde to take the place. Nora borrowed money because of her husband’s cure of disease for years, and made the crime of forged papers unconsciously. Krogstad takes the receipt to coerce Nora. Helmer flies into a rage after reading the disclosure letter from Krogstad. Helmer calls Nora "bad things" and "criminals", "cheap woman", says his future was ruined. After Krogstad returning the receipt, Helmer says that he forgives Nora. But Nora doesn’t forgive him. Because Nora has seen that her husband is only concerned with his position and reputation. She runs away.

The script reveals the subordination of women in the family under the capitalist system, and that has profound meaning. Ibsen's handling of the ending of the play makes this meaning greatly improved. Nora's love is shattered, but she is not weak. She chooses running away.

1.2Lu Xun and The Regret of the Past

Lu Xun, pen name of Zhou Shuren, was considered one of the most famous Chinese writers of the 20^th century.He is also the founder of modern Chinese literature. Mao Zedong once commented: "Lu Xun's direction is the direction of the new culture of the Chinese nation." Lu Xun was an important participant in the 54 New Culture Movement. He has great influence on the development of Chinese social ideology and culture and world renown, especially in the field of ideology and culture in Korea and Japan.