摘 要

《论语》是中国古典文学中的瑰宝。不同版本的《论语》翻译会对中国在世界范围内的形象塑造产生差异化的影响。这些翻译中所存在的不同值得关注和研究。本论文选取辜鸿铭和亚瑟•威利的两个英语译本，借助安德烈•勒弗菲尔的改写理论，进行文本比较分析。论文将着力关注两个译本中在前言和介绍，核心文化概念，人名上的翻译差异，以及遣词造句和修辞手法的运用上的不同，并且探索造成这些差异的背后的操纵力量，即意识形态和诗学观。由此证明，改写理论在翻译研究中的重要作用。

关键词：改写理论；意识形态；诗学观

Contents

1. Introduction 1
   1. LunYu and its influences 1
   2. English versions of and researches toward LunYu 1
2. Literature Review 4
   1. Andre Lefevere and his Rewriting Theory 4

2.2.Rewriting Theory Research in China and Western Countries 7

1. A Comparative Study on the Two Versions 8
   1. Ideological manipulation on two versions 8
      1. Preface and Introduction of the two versions 8
      2. Rendering of kernel cultural concepts 10

3.1. 3Rendering of historical characters 14

• 1. Poetical manipulation on two versions 17
     1. Manipulation at lexical level 17
     2. Manipulation at syntactic level 19
     3. Manipulation at rhetorical level 21

1. Conclusion 23

Works Cited 25

Bibliography 26

A Comparative Study of Two English Versions of LunYu

from the Perspective of Rewriting Theory

Introduction

• 1. LunYu and its influences

LunYu, a collection of sayings and ideas by Confucius and his disciples, is regarded as a treasure of Chinese culture, traditionally believed to be organized and written by Confucius‟ followers. In the late Song Dynasty, LunYu, together with DaXue, ZhongYong, Mengzi, was rated as “Four Books”, a sign of its increasing status in China. Consisting of 20 chapters, the book devotes itself to Confucianism spanning a field from social and political philosophy to educational methods. While LunYu has proved to be a decisive shaping force to the mindset, value and outlook of Chinese people over the past two thousand years, it remains standing out against the backdrop of the 21^st century, a century characteristic of degradation of morality and various kinds of intense social conflicts. As is announced by 74 Nobel winners in 1988, if human want to live in peace and prosperity in the 21^st century, they must look back to 2500 years and seek wisdom from Confucius (Zhang Youmingamp; Li Tianchen ), from which we can spot the enduring importance of Confucius‟ thoughts not only to China but to the world at large.

• 1. English versions of and researches toward LunYu

The translation of LunYu was initiated in 1954 as evidenced by the publishing of “Four Book”, the Latin version by Matteo Ricci. In 1809, the excerpted English version of The Works of Confucius by Marshman was perceived as the landmark of English translation of LunYu, followed by the version of James Legge, Arthur Waley, Ezra Pound, Gu Hongming, Lin Yutang, Liu Dianjue, Xu Yuanchong and other translators. Evidently, translators are most represented by missionaries like James Legge from the 16th to 19th century and by sinologists like Arthur Waley and Chinese scholars like Gu Hongming since the 20th century. More than sixty kinds of English

versions of LunYu have been found up to the current time. Among them, Confucian