摘 要

语言学对英语专业学生极其重要，而作为其分支之一的批评性话语分析是近几十年间出现的一门新兴学科。在过去四十多年中，许多学者就如何进行批评性话语分析提出了自己的方法论，例如,从社会认知的视角，社会文化的视角或是历史视角进行分析。本文在中国日报及华盛顿邮报中共选取十二则新闻作为代表，采用费尔克劳的三维分析模型作为理论框架，韩礼德的系统功能语言学作为分析工具以揭露中美媒体贸易战新闻报道语言形式上的异同及其背后的意识形态。研究发现，两家报纸报道在语言形式及其意识形态都各有不同。研究表明，新闻媒体并非如其声称的一般公正客观。

关键词：批评性话语分析，新闻媒体，贸易战，意识形态

Abstract

Linguistics is of great importance for the English major. Critical discourse analysis (CDA), as a branch of linguistics, is an emerging subject in recent decades. Numerous scholars proposed their own methods to conduct the CDA in the past four decades, such as the social-cognitive theory, social-cultural theory and the historical theory. As for this paper, Fairclough’s Three-dimensional model and Halliday’s Systemic-Functional Grammar will be adopted as the framework and analysis tool respectively. The purpose of this study is to unveil the hidden ideologies and insight the similarities and diversities in linguistic forms of the China and US media concerning the theme of the trade war. Twelve pieces of news from China Daily and The Washington Post are selected as the representatives to conduct the analysis. The finding of this study indicates that the linguistic forms of China Daily and The Washington Post vary in their preferences. Further, the different ideologies of China and the US towards the trade war are also embodied on the reports. All of the findings denote that the news media are not as objective as they claimed.

Key Words: critical discourse analysis; news media; trade war; ideology

Contents

Chapter One Introduction 1

1.1 Research Background 1

1.2 Research Significance 2

1.3 Research Questions 3

1.4 Outline 3

Chapter Two Critical Discourse Analysis 4

2.1 Definition of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) 4

2.2 Development of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) 4

2.2.1 Introduction to CDA 4

2.2.2 Studies Abroad 5

2.2.3 Studies at Home 5

2.3 Language, Power and Ideology 6

2.3.1 Language 7

2.3.2 Power 7

2.3.3 Ideology 7

Chapter Three Theoretical Framework 9

3.1 Halliday’s Systemic-Functional Grammar(SFG) 9

3.1.1 Ideational Function 9

3.1.2 Interpersonal Function 11

3.1.3 Textual Function 12

3.2 Fairclough’s Three-dimensional Model 12

3.2.1 Description 13

3.2.2 Interpretation 13

3.2.3 Explanation 14

Chapter Four A Comparative CDA of News Reports on Sino-US Trade War 15

4.1 Data Selection 15

4.2 Description 16

4.2.1 Lexical Classification 16

4.2.2 Transitivity Analysis 21

4.2.3 Modality Analysis 25

4.2 Interpretation 27

4.2.1 News Source 27

4.2.2 Reporting Modes 28

4.3 Explanation 30

4.3.1 Institutional Context 30

4.3.2 Social and Cultural Context 30

Chapter Five Conclusion 32

5.1 Major Findings 32

5.2 Limitations 33

References 34

Appendix 36

Acknowledgement 38

Critical Discourse Analysis of the News Report on Sino-US Trade War from Chinese and American Mainstream Media

Chapter One Introduction