摘 要

人类的交际过程包括言语交际和非言语交际。在跨文化交际的过程中，除了要克服言语交际的障碍外，还必须对跨文化的非言语交际行为的含义有所理解。本文从跨文化交际学及非言语交际学的角度出发，对李安两部经典的跨文化电影《推手》和《喜宴》进行了体态语分析。本文首先介绍了跨文化交际及非言语交际的研究背景，再选取两部电影中的实例从个人主义和集体主义、权力距离、亲近性与表达性、高语境和低语境文化四个文化角度具体而详细地分析体态语与文化之间的关系。研究结果强调了文化与非言语交际密不可分，很多非言语行为都是文化习得的结果。由非言语交际行为的差异产生的诸多文化冲突在跨文化交际行为中更为常见和突出，因此了解非言语交际和文化之间的关系至关重要。结论也指出，从跨文化交际的角度分析研究李安的电影，不难发现李安的跨文化意识以及他对文化差异、文化冲突的重视。李安对中国文化的高度认同促使他一直为传播中国文化做出贡献，也一直在探索中西文化沟通、对话、和解的可能性。

关键词：跨文化交际；非言语交际；体态语；文化差异

Abstract

Human communication process consists of verbal communication and nonverbal communication. Apart from overcoming the obstacles of verbal communication, we should also understand the meaning of nonverbal communication behaviors in the process of intercultural communication, This paper analyzes the body language in Ang Lee's two classic intercultural movies Pushing Hands and Wedding Banquet from the perspective of nonverbal intercultural communication. It first introduces the research background of intercultural communication and nonverbal communication, then it uses concrete examples from the two movies to analyze the relationship between body language and culture in detail from four cultural perspectives: individualism and collectivism, power distance, immediacy and expressiveness, high context and low context culture. The conclusion emphasizes that culture and nonverbal communication are inseparable, and many nonverbal acts are the result of cultural acquisition. Because many cultural conflicts arising from the differences in nonverbal communication behavior are more common and prominent in intercultural communication behavior, it is essential to understand the relationship between nonverbal communication and culture. Moreover, it is not difficult to find Ang Lee's strong intercultural awareness and that he pays attention on cultural differences and cultural conflicts by analyzing his films from the perspective of intercultural communication. Ang Lee's high recognition of Chinese culture has prompted him to make contributions to the dissemination of Chinese culture and to explore the possibility of communication, dialogue and reconciliation between Chinese and Western cultures.

Key Words: Intercultural communication; nonverbal communication; body language; cultural difference

目录

1 Introduction 1

1.1 An Introduction of Intercultural Communication and Ang Lee 1

1.2 The Significance of The Research 2

1.3 Research Questions, Methodology and Organization of the Paper 3

2 Literature Review 4

2.1 Current Research on Intercultural Communication 4

2.2 Current Research on Nonverbal Communication 5

3 Comparative Study of Body Language in Ang Lee’s Movies 6

3.1 An Introduction of Pushing Hands and Wedding Banquet 6

3.2 Analysis of Body Language in Ang Lee’s Movies 7

3.2.1 Individualism and collectivism 7

3.2.2 Power distance 8

3.2.3 Immediacy and Expressiveness 9

3.2.4 High Context and Low Context 11