摘 要

术语学是研究语言词汇里专业术语规律的学科，在人类现代知识总体结构中占据重要地位。近年来，术语研究主要研究法律，中医等方面，而林学术语研究较少。本文选取林业词汇中的术语为样本，研究英文林业术语及汉语林业术语构词特征的不同，英语林业术语重点从概念合成理论角度出发，进而从缩略术语，复合术语，转换术语和合成术语探索英语林业术语的构词特征，汉语林业术语则主要从单词性术语和词组性术语两方面研究，因而指出汉英术语在互译过程中应该注意的问题。

关键词：林业术语；构词特征；概念合成理论；

Contents

1. Introduction.........................................................................................................1

2.Demonstration.....................................................................................................3

1. 1 The building features of English forestry terminology.....................................3

2.1.1Conceptual blending theory............................................................................3

2.1.2Acronym.........................................................................................................4

2.1.3Condensation..................................................................................................4

2.1.4Compounding and derivation.........................................................................5

2.1.5Conversion.....................................................................................................7

2.2The building features of Chinese forestry terminology.....................................9

2.2.1The word of the terminology..........................................................................9

2.2.2The phrase of the terminology........................................................................9

1. Conclusion.........................................................................................................10

Works Cited..........................................................................................................13

Bibliography.........................................................................................................14

Appendix..............................................................................................................15

Lexical Structural Features of English Forestry Terminology

1.Introduction

With the rapid development of forestry technology, a tremendous number of new technologies words emerged, resulting in a number of new concepts, new terminologies. In our daily life, we often encounter such words as phytotoxin, dehydration, ecospecies, particleboard, fire-slash, underbrush. (Pu Yingshan 197 ）What do they mean? Few people can understand them if we do not have their equivalent translation in Chinese. So getting some knowledge of forest English word formation not only helps us the study of modern forest English word formation characteristics and development trends, but also helps us to improve forest English teaching and research.

Terminology is the study of professional terms and its principle use in language vocabulary. It plays an important role in the overall structure of modern human knowledge. Terminology differs from lexicography, as it involves the study of concepts, conceptual systems and their labels (terms). When it comes to the standard of terminology, this term is generally prescribed as standard terms, definitions (or explanatory notes) and the foreign names. In terms of terminology’s selection criteria, it is a technical term for the professional and technical personnel.

The study of terminology can be classified into two types. One is the trend, another is translation problems in terms of terminology. Looking at the development of the study in the past 10 years, whether in the West or in the East, there is a clear phenomenon that interest in the theoretical study of science terminology has been dropped, while the number of people who are in favor of the practical application of the term has been increased. From the number of dissertations, it is easy to make sense of this trend. According to Лейчик’s research ( 2007), there were 90 pieces in 1990, 37 pieces in 1991, 41 pieces in 1992, 16 pieces in 1993. Even in 1994 the number dropped to nine. Some Russian scientists call this phenomenon "Terminology hesitation." As to translation problems of terminology, studies of most researchers mainly bases on the traditional sense of exploring the problems of understanding academic language translation. Wang Jinbo (2003) talks about translation problems of foreign theorists’ name. Li Changjiang (2003) points out that due to the difference of terminology definition, there always exists dispute in the field of translation, and he advocates to regulate the translation of academic language. Traditional concept of the research methods follows the rule that we should see meaning of the term as an ultimate object which can be grasped. But with the translation studies and terminology researches go further, many problems such as ambiguity and polysemy of terms, which were neglected before, appeared. These problems are increasingly serious. If we do not have a uniform interpretation, it will tend to have different interpretations. Thus we should solve them immediately and develop a unified standard terminology.

Researches on terminology in China mainly focus on the field of law, the traditional Chinese medicine, etc. However, the study of forestry terminology is very few. Besides, in the past 20 years, the world forest, forestry has been developing extremely rapidly. China in the forestry field has also made remarkable and gratifying contribution in the history of our country's forestry development. People's degree of concern of forest constantly increased, and the desire for getting knowledge of forest is growing too. Due to the special function of terminology, forestry terminology is endowed with the nature of exactness, precision and accuracy. Among the many unique features of English forestry terminology, lexical characteristics are the most outstanding ones, so the present thesis is an attempt to discover the lexical structural features of English forestry terminology.

This article will illustrate the features of forestry terminology from two aspects: the building features of English forestry terminology and the building features of Chinese forestry terminology. Some forestry terms are selected as samples, in order to study the lexical structural difference between English forestry terminology and Chinese forestry terminology. And the article will use conceptual blending theory to analyze the English forestry terminology, the analysis of Chinese forestry terminology mainly from two aspects: word terms and phrases terms. Finally the article points out that problem of translation should be noticed in the process of translation.

2.Demonstration