摘 要

听力是语言交际中最基本的形式之一。随着时代的发展和进步，人们对英语学习也越来越重视。本文通过剖析教学中影响学生听力提高的各种因素,探索并改进完善听力的教学方法,使听力教学从以应试为目的变为一种求知的途径。语言因素和非语言因素对语言学习都至关重要。本文的重点是研究学生非语言因素中的心理因素，从而进一步提高学生的听力。在听力教学中,教师应充分考虑心理因素对学生的影响,有针对性地采取一些教学措施帮助学生提高听力水平。

关键词：听力教学; 心理因素; 听力理解

Contents

1.Introduction-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1

2.Demonstration----------------------------------------------------------------------------------2

2.1 Listening comprehension------------------------------------------------------------------2

2.1.1 The essence of listening comprehension---------------------------------------------2

2.1.2 Factors affecting listening comprehension------------------------------------------2

2.1.2.1Verbal factors ----------------------------------------------------------------------------3

2.1.2.2 Nonverbal factors ----------------------------------------------------------------------4

2.2 The analysis of the influence of psychological factors-----------------------------5

2.2.1 Inferiority complex-----------------------------------------------------------------------5

2.2.2 Anxiety------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6

2.2.3 Passivity------------------------------------------------------------------------------------6

2.2.4 Other psychological factors------------------------------------------------------------7

2.3 Teaching revelation-------------------------------------------------------------------------7

3.Conclusion--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9

Works cited--------------------------------------------------------------------------------11

Bibliography-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------12

The Influence of Psychological Factors on English Listening Comprehension

1. Introduction

Linguistic learning often starts from "listening". "Listening" is not only one of the necessary communication skills, but also an important way to acquire knowledge and information. According to W.M.Rivers and M.S.Temperly’s（1995）statistics, the proportion of listening in human’s communication activities is 45%, which is greater than other language activities. For language learners, it is absolutely one of the most basic language skills that should be mastered.

What is listening comprehension? According to Carrel's(1983) point of view，the listener's background knowledge is like a map in memory, the listener’s task is to receive the new information and compare it with the map, so as to understand the hearing content.

There are many discussions about listening comprehension. For example: Ren Xiaotao and Xu Jiajin ( 2002) studies it from the perspective of discourse theory; He Peifen ( 2003 ) utilizes the decoding theory to explore the improvement of listening teaching level based on the causes of listening barriers; Du Zhongquan and Du Shiyou ( 2011 ) makes a research from the perspective of memory theory; Gao Qiang and Liu Lin ( 2013 ) discusses listening teaching practice from the perspective of college English teachers’ listening teaching beliefs. Therefore, the cultivation of listening and speaking ability has become an important part of college English teaching.

It has long been argued that verbal factors are the main factors that directly influence listening comprehension. In fact, the factors that actually affect listening comprehension are far from being limited to these. In Chastain’s (1975) view, the anxiety state of English learners is inversely proportional to the learning efficiency. Emotional variables are one of the nonverbal factors that affect the learning of English listening. It is necessary for every English educator to find relevant educational strategies to improve the students’ English listening level.

Listening is considered to be a breakthrough in the foreign language teaching. Although some teachers have made a lot of researches, the students' listening level hasn’t achieved a noticeable progress. There are many reasons accounting for this phenomenon. As far as learners are concerned, there are also a variety of factors that can affect the outcome of English listening comprehension, such as the psychological factors, language knowledge and cultural background. An appropriate state of mind is the premise and guarantee of effective learning. As for the teachers, it is very important to find out the psychological factors that affect the students' listening comprehension.

Firstly, the nature of listening comprehension and factors that affect listening comprehension will be discussed in this paper. Secondly, the factors have been divided into verbal factors and nonverbal factors. Then, psychological factors as well as some suggestions in teaching will be analyzed, in order to improve the students’ listening proficiency.

2.Demonstration