摘 要

社会交际中的领地范围是维护人的自由，完整，独处和安全所要求和必需的身体、社交和心理等方面的空间。中西方领地的划分和应对领地被侵犯时的态度有很大的区别。本文在分析这些区别的基础上，经研究发现不同的政体，核心价值和社会观念是导致中西方对社会交际中领地观不同理解的重要原因。

关键词:领地观，领地划分，领地侵犯，反应，原因

Contents

1. Introduction----------------------------------------------------------------------------------1

2. Demonstration-------------------------------------------------------------------------------2

2.1 Some studies on territory --------------------------------------------------------------2

2.2 Cultural differences in territory between China and America --------------------3

2.2.1 The different classification of territory ---------------------------------------------------3

2.2.2 The different reactions to invasions of territory----------------------------------------4

2.3 Factors for different understanding of territory ------------------------------------5

2.3.1 Different governmental systems and religions-------------------------------------------5

2.3.2Different values：individualism VS collectivism ---------------------------------------6

2.3.3Different social ideology-------------------------------------------------------------------8

3. Conclusion---------------------------------------------------------------------------------9

Works Cited ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10

Bibliography------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11

An Analysis of Cultural Factors for Difference of Understanding of Territory Between China and America

1. Introduction

Study on nonverbal communication has drawn the attention from the field of intercultural communication and foreign language teaching. Many scholars began to study the problem and have achieved gratifying results. Particularly exciting is that Beijing Language Institute Press published four books in a row on the nonverbal communication to be mostly on the posture and communication and these works have a far-reaching impact on China's nonverbal language communication research. However, the gap between China and the foreign countries is still very great, and it mismatches the rapid development of China's foreign exchange situation. Many people don't know the meaning of intercultural communication and nonverbal communication. What’s worse, nonverbal communication in foreign language teaching has consistently been ignored. As a result, at the time of communication, people only pay attention to linguistic communication, and hold that word is the only way to communicate and understand information, ignoring the message of nonverbal behavior or they note their own manners of acting but ignore information that may be provided by the objects and environments. The traditional meaning of territory is the geographical area under the jurisdiction of a sovereign state while its additional meaning is necessary physical social and psychological space which is required to safeguard the integrity, freedom, privacy, and security of human beings. While the concept of territory serves as an important part of nonverbal communication, it is in a position that cannot be ignored, because in daily life, everywhere territory exists from the personal property to the territory of a country. According to Altman, territory is divided into three categories which are primary territories, secondary territories and public territories. (Bi Jiwan,1999) And the form of infringement is summarized under three main types by Lyman and Scott including violation, invasion and contamination. Therefore, there are two basic ways against infringement which are prevention and reaction.

This paper first introduces some studies on territory simply, then shows the difference in the classification of the territory and responses when it is invaded between China and America, which is followed by an analysis of the causes of such differences.