摘 要

厄内斯特·海明威在20世纪的美国文坛上有着至关重要的地位。作为海明威的第一篇长篇小说，《太阳照样升起》描述了一战后一群美国年轻人的迷惘生活，阐释了海明威的悲剧观。通过法国咖啡馆的下层生活和激动人心的潘普洛纳庆典，以及比利牛斯山的垂钓之旅等故事情节，这部现代小说展现了第一次世界大战以后一代年轻人生活的悲剧，引发了对战争残酷以及生活意义的思索。本文将从人物行为，悲剧结局和引起悲剧的因素这三个方面来分析《太阳照样升起》中的悲剧观，从而进一步探索海明威这种悲剧观的来源。

关键词：海明威；《太阳照样升起》；悲剧观

Contents

1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………1 2. Demonstration…………………………………………………………………….2

2.1. Tragic view represented by human behaviors…...……………………………...2

2.1.1. Escaping reality....................................................................…..……………...3

2.1.2. Excessive drinking............................................................................................5

2.1.3. Promiscuity........................................................................................................6

2.2. Tragic view represented by the ending……….......……………………………..7

2.2.1. Bankruptcy.....................................…………………………………………....7

2.2.2. Lost life........................................................…………………………………..8

2.3. Factors leading to tragic view...………………………………………………....9

2.3.1. The background of the lost generation..............................................................9

2.3.2. Hemingway’s personal experience...................................................................10

3. Conclusion………………………………………………………………………..11

Notes………………………………………………………………………………..13

Works Cited………………………………………………………………………....14

Bibliography………………………………………………………………………...15

An Analysis of Tragic View in The Sun Also Rises

1. Introduction

Earnest Hemingway (1899-1961) was born at a suburb of Chicago, America. His father was a physician, and his mother was a musician. Early in 1918, he joined the First World War. Then, he got injured and was sent back to his home. In 1920, he went to Chicago and met his first wife Hadley Richardson. They got married and then moved to Paris where he met many expatriates. And from these expatriates he got many writing materials for The Sun Also Rises.

With the publication of The Sun Also Rises, Hemingway became the spokesman of the “Lost Generation”. His next important novel is A Farewell to Arms. Hemingway also published such volumes of short stories as Men without Women and Winner Take Nothing, as well as The Fifth Column, a play. His First Forty-nine Stories includes such famous short stories as The Killers, The Undefeated and The Snows of Kilimanjaro. Hemingway's nonfiction works, Death in the Afternoon, about bullfighting, and Green Hills of Africa, about big-game hunting, glorify virility, bravery, and the virtue of a primal challenge to life. In 1954, he won the Nobel Prize of Literature for The Old Man and the Sea. Earnest Hemingway is best known for his iceberg theory¹ and Hemingway heroes² created in his work. His economical and understated style had a strong influence on the 20th-century fictions. Many of his works are considered classics of American literature.

The Sun Also Rises, Hemingway’s first novel, epitomized the post-war expatriate generation, received good reviews, and was recognized as one of Hemingway’s greatest works. It is a truly gripping story, told in a lean, hard, athletic narrative prose. It depicts the lost life of a group of young expatriates after the First World War. As the narrator of this novel, Jake Barnes is a young American who got injured in the war and lost his sexual ability. He loves Brett Ashley, an English woman whose husband died in the war, but cannot be with her because of his injury. Brett has affairs with many men, but she loves Jake. She is engaged with Mike Campbell at the same time. Robert Cohn, one of the men whom Brett has affairs with, is a Jew and a friend of Jake.