摘 要

翻译难，习语翻译更难。众所周知，习语是一种语言的精华和文化的结晶。大多数习语有着简洁的形式，但是却有着丰富的内涵意义。英汉语言中都包含着大量习语，它们是英汉民族文化特征的具体体现。习语翻译如何做到即有效地传达意义，又很好地处理其中的形象，这对译者是一个挑战，也是本文想要探讨的问题。

尤金·奈达的功能对等理论自问世以来，在中国和西方翻译界都产生了深远的影响。功能对等理论强调实现译文与原文最切近的自然对等，首先是意义上，其次是形式上。译文的理想模式是达到形式和功能的对等。

本文鉴于此对习语翻译中的文化因素的处理作了理论性的探讨。全文共分成三个部分。第一部分介绍中英文化的差异。第二部分介绍中英习语中的文化差异以及尤金·奈达功能对等理论。第三部分介绍了功能对等理论指导下习语的不同的翻译方法。

关键词：文化传递；习语翻译；尤金·奈达；功能对等；翻译技巧

Contents

1. Introduction----------------------------------------------------------------1

1.1 The definition of idioms --------------------------------------------------------------1

1.2 Culture differences -------------------------------------------------------------------1

1.2.1 The definition of culture -----------------------------------------------------------1

1.2.2 Culture differences ------------------------------------------------------------------2

1.2.2.1 Differences in thinking models --------------------------------------------------2

1.2.2.2 Attitudes toward personal interests and public interest-----------------------2

1.2.2.3 Differences in democratic perceptions--------------------------------------2

1.2.2.4 Differences in the view of science ---------------------------------------------2

1.2.2.5 Disparate moral outlooks ----------------------------------------------------------3

1.2.2.6 Differences in the legal sense----------------------------------------------------3

2. Demonstration -------------------------------------------------------------------3

2.1 Culture differences in Chinese and English idioms -------------------------4

2.1.1 Geographical environment ---------------------------------------------------------4

2.1.2 Customs and habits ---------------------------------------------------------------4

2.1.3 Religious beliefs and historical allusions -----------------------------------------5

2.1.4 Aesthetic values and tastes --------------------------------------------------------6

2.2 Guiding Significance of Functional Equivalence Theory --------------------------7

2.2.1 Content of the Functional Equivalence Theory-------------------------------7

2.2.1.1 Eugene A Nida ------------------------------------------------------------------7

2.2.1.2 The Functional Equivalence Theory ------------------------------------------7

2.2.2 Translation techniques of idioms under the guidance of Functional Equivalence Theory --------------------------------------------------------------------------8

2.2.2.1 Literal translation --------------------------------------------------------------8

2.2.2.2 Liberal translation -------------------------------------------------------------------9

3. Conclusion -------------------------------------------------------------------12

Bibliography ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------13

On Culture-rendering in Idiom Translation

from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence Theory

1. Introduction

1.1 The definition of idioms