摘 要

本文主要基于多个翻译理论指导下对《春江花月夜》三个译本进行多角度多层次的对比分析。其理论包括：由德国功能派翻译理论家汉斯·威密尔提出的翻译目的论，美国当代翻译理论家尤金·A·奈达(Eugene Nida)的动态翻译对等理论以及生态翻译学理论。所选译本译者分别为Charles Budd, W.J.B Fletcher,和许渊冲。

本文主要通过对三个译本的各理论适用性分析，翻译手法的效用分析，译者环境的对比分析，以及译文目的与效果对等的有效性分析，学习三个翻译大家的翻译方法，了解如何运用翻译技巧，解决诗歌中由文化差异造成的“不可译”“词不达意”等现象。并通过对比分析得出，在此类诗歌中，何种翻译理论对译者和译本适用性更强，能最大程度上达到诗歌翻译的“忠实”，“通顺”效果，从而达到传扬中华传统文化的根本目的。

关键词：春江花月夜；翻译目的论；动态对等理论；生态翻译学理论；翻译方法

Abstract

This study analyzes three English versions of Chun Jiang Hua Yue Ye in different levels and multiple point of view based on three translation theories. The theories include Skopos theory, the theory of Dynamic Equivalence, and the theory of Eco-Translatology. The translators of three versions are Charles Budd, W.J.B Fletcher, and Xu Yuanchong respectively.

The purpose of this paper is to figure out the way of interpreting the untranslatable or inarticulate expressions caused by cultural diversity, and to examine the optimal theory which can achieve the effect of "faithfulness" and "smoothness" in our conventional ancient poetry translation. In this paper, the analysis from four aspects concerning the applicability of the three theories to the poem, the effectiveness of translation techniques, the contrasts among translators’ environment, and the equivalence between the purpose and the effect of three versions contributes greatly to the purpose.

Key Words: Chun Jiang Hua Yue Ye; Skopos theory; the theory of Dynamic Equivalence; the theory of Eco-Translatology; translation techniques

Contents

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Research Background 1

1.2 Research Innovation 2

1.3 Research Objectives and Significance 3

2 Theoretical Framework and Literary Criticism 4

2.1 Theoretical Basis 4

2.2 Comments on Theories 4

3 Textual Analysis 5

3.1 Application of Three Theories 5

3.2 Translation Techniques in Three Versions 9

4 Conclusion 11

4.1 Research Findings 11

4.2 Limitations and Outlook 12

References 13

Acknowledgements 14

Appendix 15

A Study on Three English versions of Chun Jiang Hua Yue Ye from the Perspective of Multiple Theories

1 Introduction

Research Background

While Chinese conventional culture is being well received all over the world, as one of the most magnificent parts of it, Chinese ancient poems attract mass scholars to interpret their beauty. The topic on Chinese ancient poetry translation prevails at home and abroad. However, too much significance is attached to the interpreting results rather than to the application of translation techniques, let alone to a systematical analysis based on current translation theories. The most frequently translated and explored literary works are four classic Chinese novels and the Four Books and Five Classics. Hence, this study on Chinese ancient poetry which takes Chun Jiang Hua Yue Ye as an example brings life to existing ancient works analysis. It offers the focal point of traditional literary works translation academia a new direction to which experts pay less attention. In view that the three prevailing translation theories are relatively comprehensive for translation, this paper set Skopos theory, the theory of Dynamic Equivalence, and the theory of Eco-Translatology as its foundation.

By comparison, the distinction between different versions are more conspicuous. And the choices of three versions are based on translators’ different nations, social status and research realm so that their cultural diversity may be more apparent, which is the prominent reason for versions’ differences. In addition, the poem, Chun Jiang Hua Yue Ye, is recognized as the unparalleled representative among any other poetry in the flourishing Tang Dynasty, which can be more typical for analysis of this kind. For ancient poetry translation, the way in which the translators apply translation techniques to poetry interpreting in order to realize the ultimate results is accessible to all of our English learners. And for traditional literary academia, this study is beneficial to promote the dissemination of Chinese culture by a better combination of the most suitable translation theories and techniques.

Research Innovation

Recently, the upsurge of scholars who are with great fervor on Chinese ancient poetry interpreting and its literary criticizing gives birth to mass masterpieces on single aspect or the analysis on rhetorical devices and inner ideas. However, the distinctions from different cultural backgrounds, the application of different theories and translation skills of translators still exert great impact on transcripts’ diversity. Hence, this paper contains the analysis of three translated versions about one specific poem, Chun Jiang Hua Yue Ye, based on multiple translating theories, aiming to figure out the most applicable way of interpreting ancient poems, which is of great significance for poetry translation and cultural transmission.