摘 要

学生课外活动作为教学质量的重要组成部分，对于学生的发展有着深远影响。通过描述课外活动的重要性和对学生身心发展的影响，本论文对中国和美国的课外活动进行调查对比。通过研究中国和美国的课外活动现状并分析存在的问题，提出相应办法提高教学质量。

关键词：中美课外活动；教学质量

Contents

1 Introduction 1

1.1 The characteristics and functions of extracurricular activities 1

1.1.1 Practicality 1

• • 1. Diversity and flexibility 2
    2. Students' initiative 2

1. The comparison between Chinese and American extracurricular activities 3
   1. American extracurricular activities 3
      1. The type of extracurricular sports activities 3
      2. The function orientation of extracurricular sports activities 3
   2. Chinese extracurricular activities 4
      1. Forms of school extracurricular sports activities in China 4
      2. Functions of school extracurricular sports activities in China 5
   3. The differences between Chinese and American extracurricular activities 6
      1. Differences of the form of the school sports 6
      2. School sports function orientation differences 6
2. Strategies and Suggestions 7
   1. Optimize the environment of social education 8

Word Cited 10

Bibliography 11

The Study on Extracurricular Activities in China and America

Introduction

School extracurricular activities, which have inside and outside school extracurricular activities, are two kinds of important parts of the whole education system. Teaching and activities make each other possible. Who complements each other and help each other forward. It’s one of the important ways to cultivate students the comprehensive development.

• 1. The characteristics and functions of extracurricular activities

Extracurricular activities are indispensable in the school education, because it has some outstanding characteristics and special functions.

• • 1. Practicality

During the inside and outside activities, students can learn more knowledge that can’t be taught in the classes and widen the field of knowledge. The knowledge obtained can be applied to real, thus deepening the understanding of knowledge. At the same time in the activities, students can make the acquired skills get exercise to improve certain skills. They can know deeper and it’s more meaningful than just gained from books.

• • 1. Integrity

Many activities are both mental activities and physical activities. They have the significance of intellectual education, moral education, sports and aesthetic education. And they play an important role in cultivating feelings and the exercise of the will and ability. It’s worth to point out that activities need to be organized, and it’s necessary to contact the relevant parties and relevant personnel to solve some practical problems. Let the students deal with these problems, to cultivate and develop their abilities of organization, social

contact and dealing with the actual problem.

• • 1. Diversity and flexibility

The kinds and content of the extracurricular activities are not as limited to the provisions as discipline curriculum. Its diversity and flexibility can expand students' learning and activity areas and broaden their horizons and thinking. And it can be combined with the actual, to adapt to society, school and student's situation and requirements flexibly. Moreover, the content and the way of each kind of activity can be changed with the development of the situation. In this way, students can make school life and learning alive and greatly change the simplex subject courses.

• • 1. Students' initiative

Extracurricular activities are mostly attended actively and independently by students themselves. This has many benefits: First, it’s very good to motivate their initiative, enthusiasm and creativity; Second, the activities can adapt to students’ personal interests, hobbies and requirements to develop the students’ personality; Third, students can cultivate their abilities of independent learning and independent activity. Characteristics and functions above of the extracurricular activities can make up for a lack of discipline curriculum study. This suggests that the extracurricular activities in the school education are very important and indispensable.

Extracurricular activities have important meanings and functions. However, they also have limitations and shortcomings. There are a lot of extracurricular activities only can be developed well after the subject course learning to lay a certain foundation. So, in the school we should combine the two sides and interspersed with them. We should not ignore either one of the two sides. Classroom teaching and extracurricular activities make the school life more attractive and students’ different individualities can be released. The students will become upright and strong, in the meantime, the classroom teaching can have a bright new look.

The comparison between Chinese and American extracurricular activities

Due to the complexity of contact with various extracurricular activities and disciplines, here make sports activities that continually developed as the main object of study.

• 1. American extracurricular activities
     1. The type of extracurricular sports activities

In the United States, although different school each has its own characteristics in extracurricular sports activities, on the whole, still can divide the extracurricular sports activities into the following three forms: class extracurricular sports activities, extracurricular sports activities between schools and sports clubs.

Extracurricular activities are to point to in a school class organization undertaken within the scope of sports activities, mainly in the class for the collective. School extracurricular activities are to point to a few schools’ organization, such as traditional project competition, sports gala, or intercollegiate sports between schools, etc. And sports clubs is to point to by the students' interest in sports specialty, in the form of free to join, to organize students into all kinds of special clubs to organize training and competition. What is similar to the extracurricular sports activities between schools is that competition among all kinds of sports clubs on campus can be carried out in one school can be also in different school sports clubs of its kind. The latter also belongs to the school extracurricular sports activities.

• • 1. The function orientation of extracurricular sports activities

American elementary and middle schools sports compulsory outline has a close relationship with extracurricular sports activities. The functions of extracurricular sports activities and PE class in a certain extent overlap. But independent function of

extracurricular sports activities are more outstanding, except for the help of ex-curricular sports activities to improve the students' body and skill at movement technology, they also can complete a broader social education tasks.